SAP ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming) is a programming language that runs in the SAP ABAP Training runtime environment, created and used by SAP for the development of application programs including Reports. Module Pool Programming. Interfaces. ABAP is one of the many application-specific fourth-generation languages first developed in the 1980s. It was originally the report language for SAP R/2, a platform that enabled large corporations to build mainframe business applications for materials management and financial and management accounting. ABAP establishes integration between independent software.